Spark-arrester and smoke-purifier.



WITNESS H. F. ISCRA. Y SPARK ARRESTER AND SMOKE PURIFIER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 1915.

Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

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/NVENTOH .E Elma.

A TTOHNEY THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.. WASHINGTON. n. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

HENBgYigFEIaIX-ISCRA, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO EUGENE C. I LUDIN, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPARK-ARRESTER AND SMOKE-PURIFIER.

Application led April 30, 1915.

To all'wwm 'itlmag/ concern.'

Be it knownthat I, HENRY F. IscRA, a subject of the British Empire, and resident of New York, in the county of New York andvState of New York, have invented certainV new and useful Improvements in Spark-Arresters and VSmoke-lurifiers, of

which; the following is a specification.

I have invented an improvement in spark arresting and smoke purifying devices for chimneys; and my primary object is to provide a construction which can be easily applied to a smoke stack or flue; and by means ofA which a copious supply of suitable cleansing agent canvbe delivered to the gases and other products ofv combustion discharged by the flue and distributed through said products before they make their exit from the flue; whereby the soot, sparks, dust, offensive and noxious gases, etc., may be arrested and Withdrawn and thus prevented from contaminating the atmosphere and damaging property in the vicinity of the iue, -and, only the comparatively innocuous and unobjectionable products allowed to escape in the usual way.

The above and other objects and advantages of my invention are set forth in the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. The latter, however, are intended to illustrate but one embodiment of my invention, andI desire to reserve the right to utilize the principle of my improvement in other forms and constructions which come within the general meaning of the terms in which the claims appended hereto are expressed. In other words, the differences in the phrasing of the claims at the end of thisspecification are meant to cover differences in structural details; provided such details and altera tions in the shape, size and relative location of the parts of my device .are within the scope and spirit of my invention as the claims define thesame.

On Said drawingszFigure l is a longitudinal vertical' section showing how my invention is applied to the top of a smoke stack, chimney or flue. Fig. Qis a vertical section through the apparatus by which the cleansing agent is delivered to the gases discharged by the flue, the section being taken on the. line'Q-Q of Fig. fl. Fig. 3 'is a horizontalA section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. V2. Fig. `l is a horizontal action taken, on

VSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mai'. 14, 1916. serial No. 24,877.

the line 4 4 of Fig. 2; and, Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional detailed views to illustrate the manner in which the apparatus is operated.

In` the particular description of my invention the same numerals of reference are used to indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The numeral l indicates the top of a smoke stack, chimney or flue, and the construction embodying my invention is preferably located at the upper end or mouth of the same.

My spark arresting and purifying arrangement preferably comprises a casing 2, which conforms to the shape of the top of the chimney and is of somewhat greater size; and to this casing leads a conduit 3 which delivers a cleansing fluid to a rotatable head 4, which is mounted centrally of the casing 2 in line with the axis of the bore of the chimney. As shown in Fig. l this head is of relatively small size and is provided with a number of apertures which extend in almost every possible direction; whereby the cleansing agent is delivered in the form of a number of line jets to the gases and other products of combustion that pass up through the stack and out through the top. The cleansing agent prevents sparks, soot, dust and thelike from passing through the casing 2 out into the atinosphere; and the agent used, together with the dust and other particles which it extracts from the products flowing through the chimney 1, is withdrawn from the casing 9. through a drainage conduit 5. The conduits 3 and 5 may be secured to the outer side of the stack 1 'by means of rings 6 having bearings 7 encircling the conduits and resting upon collars or ledges 8; or they may be secured rigidly to the chimney in any other convenient way. These conduits of course extend from the ground up to the chimney top, and the cleansing agent of course is under sufficient head or pressure to be delivered with some` force inside the head l.

The casing 2 is provided with an enlarged opening through its bottom; this opening being indicated at 9 and being in line with the bore of the chimney; and the edge of the opening is surrounded by a relatively low wall 10, the upper edge of which may be turned over to rest on the top of the stack. This wall, along with the outer wall of the casing 2, gives the casing substantially the form of an annular trough in which the cleansing agent collects after being used and from which it is withdrawn by the pipe 5. Any suitable fastening means may be employed to secure the casing to the chimney.

I construct the head 4 preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder with holes 11 through which the cleansing agent is sprayed in jets from the sides thereof. This head is clearly illustrated in Fig. 2; and I so mount the same that it can be rotated by the force of the cleansing agent entering the interior of it. The openings 11 extend not only up and down at many inclinations to the vertical, as shown in Fig. 2, but in various ways horizontally as illustrated in Fig. 3; hence the jets are sprayed into the products discharged by the chimney in almost every direction, and further the direction of each jet is continuously being altered as the head turns around and around on its vertical axis.

The cylindrical head 4 has its body internally screw threaded at the top to receive the cover 12, which is in the form of a circular plate having a threaded portion to screw into the top of the body of the cylinder, and a shoulder against which the upper edge of the body abuts in order to make a smooth fit. This top may also have an inclined rim, to which may be secured a conical top 13; so that any of the cleansing agent which falls thereon may drain downward from the edges of the same. The bottom 14 of the cylinder 4 is also screwed into the body having the holes 11 and this bottom has extending openings 15. Each of the openings 15, which are preferably six in number, has one radial side inclined for a purpose which will appear later. Further, both the bottom 14 and the top 12 have central apertures to enable the head to fit over a spindle 17; which is secured to a suitable support for the head 4, and around which the head turns; and at its upper end this spindle will be provided with a nut and a washer in order to hold the head against upward displacement. The top 12 and the bottom 14 of the cylinder 4 are also connected by a pair of annular partitions or'webs 18 and 19; the inner web or partition 18 forming a tube, which is of the same internal diameter as the openings receiving the spindle 17, and serves as .a sort of bearing for this spindle. The outer wall or partition 19 is spaced some distance from the inner wall 18 and is contracted at the lower end, making a portion 20 which inclines downward and toward the center of the head; the outer surface of this portion being flush with the inner ends of the radial openings 15. The partition 19 restricts the. space inside the head for the cleansing agent; and the portion 2O will direct the cleansing agent entering the head through the openings 15, away from the axis of rotation toward the spray openings 11; so as to enable the agent to pass easily and quickly through the head and out oi' the same through the holes by which the jets are expelled from the products passing through the chimney 1.

The head 1 is anti-frictionally mounted so as to rotate around the spindle 17, which of course will be in line with the vertical axis of the chimney. This spindle is aiixed to a suitable support 21, which may be a plate or disk, held by suitable arms in the middle of the mouth of the stack, and has a raceway 22 in its upper face; the under surface of the bottom 14 has a corresponding raceway 22, and both raceways engage anti-frictional elements in the iorm of balls 23; these balls bearing the weight of the head 4. The upper head of the conduit 3 supplying the cleansing agent to the inside of the head is extended inward to the middle of the bore and then is suitably connected to a fitting comprising three branch pipes 24, each leading to an opening 25 in position to communicate with the openings 15 so as to deliver therethrough into the head. The support 21 may carry packing, not shown, between the openings 25 and the elements 23 to prevent leakage between the support and the bottom 14, and the body of the head may have a milled or scalloped flange 26 at its lower edge, lush with the bottom 14 for a. purpose to be described later.

The utility of my invention will now be apparent, for the cleansing agent, which may be water or any other suitable medium, is delivered through the conduit 3 under the necessary pressure into the head 4 in suhcient volume to make a large number of jets spraying out through the openings 11; and the water or other agent passes through each of the openings 25 to each ci? the openings 15 in turn. As the agent impinges against the inclined sides 16 of the openings 15, the reaction is suliicient to rotate the head at the necessary speed. The sides 16 are inclined as above stated, and these sides 16 will be the advanced sides of the openings 15 in every instance; with reference, of course, to the direction in which the head turns. Also the sides of the open ings 25 will be given such an inclination as to enable them to coperate with the sides of the openings .15 to the best advantage; and the head thus rotates around the axis of the flue on the same principle as that of the steam turbine or siren. As the openings 15 extend radially outward in the bottom 14 with respect to the axis of rotation of the head, and as the plane of the bottom is substantially normal to the axis of rotation, the sides 16 are inclined with respect to this plane as above set forth. The products discharged by the chimney 1 are therefore thoroughly washed, and the soot and the sparks are arrested by the cleansing agent and thrown into the trough-shaped casing 2. Likewise the noxious gases such as the fumes of sulfur and the like; are dissolved by the agent and also prevented from escaping into the air. The agent also cools the products in the chimney and thereby contracts the volume thereof at the top. This contraction tends to improve the draft, since it is the same in effect as a partial vertical vacuum in the casing 2. 1f' desired the upper end of the casing 2 may be open, or it may vbe provided with a cover; and a deflector in the form of an inverted cone may be supported centrally above the top 13 of' the head in order to direct the dust, sparks and the like outward, and make sure that they will fall either into the trough or back into the chimney.

As regards the scalloped flange 26, the function of this part is to separate any drip down the sides of the head into fine streams and whirl these streams outward as the head turns to supplement the jets at the holes 11. These holes will be about a sixteenth of van inch in diameter and ordinarily about three or four hundred in number. The jets should have force enough to reach substantially the vertical wall of the casing. 4

In order to prevent corrosion the body of the cylinder may be of aluminum and the rest of it, also the plate 21, of brass.

I do not of course wish to be limited to a particular location for the raceways 22 and balls 28; but may place the raceways and balls anywhere between the head 4c and the' support 21, as convenience or necessity may dictate.

Having described my invention what I believe to be new and desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. An apparatus of the kind described comprising a support and a hollow head rotatably mounted thereon, said head having a plurality of openings in one end, each of said openings being associated with a deflecting surface, said support also having openings to deliver fluid to the head through the first openings to rotaterthe head, said head also having a plurality of discharge openings, and a member located in said head providing a conical surface arranged to direct fluid entering the head through the first openings, outward from the axis of rotation toward the discharge openings.

2. A flue having a conduit to supply a cleansing agent, a hollow head having a plurality of' perfor-ations in its sides, and oppositely located openings in its bottom; said openings each having a side extending substantially radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the head, and being inclined with respect to a plane norma-l to said axis, said head having a circular race in its bottom, a support for the head having a corresponding race and openings arranged to coperate with the first named openings, anti-frictional elements engaged by said races, and a connection between the conduit and the openings in the support, whereby the head can be rotated by the cleansing agent.

3. A flue having a conduit to supply a cleansing agent thereto, a cylindrical hollow head having a plurality of perforations extending in various directions through its sides, means for supporting the head to rotate about the axis of the flue, a spindle fixed to the supporting means, and passing centrally through the head, a pair of concentric annular partitions fixed to the bottom and top of the head surrounding the spindle, the larger of said partitions having a portion of its external surface inclined upward and away from the spindle, the bottom having openings therein extending radially outward from said partition, and means for connecting the conduit to communicate with the head through the openings, said openings being shaped to enable the head to be turned by said cleansing agent, the inclined outer surface of' said partition directing the cleansing agent toward said perforationsupon entering said head.

ll. A flue having a hollow head rotatably mounted therein and means for delivering a cleansing agent to said head, said head being mounted to be turned by said agent and having perforations to deliver said agent into the products discharged by the iiue, the head also being provided with a scalloped iiange below the perforations.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 5th day of April A. D. 1915.

HENRY FELIX ISCRA.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for vecents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Y Washington, D. C. 

